** P. J. Proudhon: His Life and His Works.

** “Paris, December 5, 1831.

** Preface.

* First Memoir

** Chapter I. Method Pursued In This Work. — The Idea Of A Revolution.

** Chapter II. Property Considered As A Natural Right. — Occupation And Civil Law As Efficient Bases Of Property. Definitions.

*** § 1. — Property as a Natural Right.

*** § 2. — Occupation, as the Title to Property.

*** § 3. — Civil Law as the Foundation and Sanction of Property.

** Chapter III. Labor As The Efficient Cause Of The Domain Of Property

*** § 1. — The Land cannot be Appropriated.

*** § 2. — Universal Consent no Justification of Property.

*** § 3. — Prescription gives no Title to Property.

*** § 4. — Labor — That Labor has no Inherent Power to appropriate Natural Wealth.

*** § 5. — That Labor leads to Equality of Property.

*** § 6. — That in Society all Wages are Equal.

*** § 7. — That Inequality of Powers is the Necessary Condition of Equality of Fortunes.

*** § 8. — That, from the Stand-point of Justice, Labor destroys Property.

** Chapter IV. That Property Is Impossible.

*** Demonstration.

**** Axiom. — Property is the Right of Increase claimed by the Proprietor over any thing which he has stamped as his own.

**** Corollaries

*** First Proposition. Property is impossible, because it demands Something for Nothing.

*** Second Proposition. Property is impossible because wherever it exists Production costs more than it is worth.

*** Third Proposition. Property is impossible, because, with a given capital, Production is proportional to labor, not to property.

*** Fourth Proposition. Property is impossible, because it is Homicide.

*** Fifth Proposition. Property is impossible, because, if it exists, Society devours itself.

**** Appendix To The Fifth Proposition.

*** Sixth Proposition. Property is impossible, because it is the Mother of Tyranny.

*** Seventh Proposition. Property is impossible, because, in consuming its Receipts, it loses them; in hoarding them, it nullifies them; and in using them as Capital, it turns them against Production.

*** Eighth Proposition. Property is impossible, because its power of Accumulation is infinite, and is exercised only over finite quantities.

*** Ninth Proposition. Property is impossible, because it is powerless against Property.

*** Tenth Proposition. Property is impossible, because it is the Negation of equality.

** Chapter V. Psychological Exposition Of The Idea Of Justice And Injustice, And A Determination Of The Principle Of Government And Of Right.

*** Part First.

**** § 1. — Of the Moral Sense in Man and the Animals.

**** § 2. — Of the first and second degrees of Sociability.

**** § 3. — Of the third degree of Sociability.

*** Part Second.

**** § 1. — Of the Causes of our Mistakes. The Origin of Property.

**** § 2. — Characteristics of Communism and of Property.

**** § 3. — Determination of the third form of Society. Conclusion.

* Second Memoir

** A Letter to M. Blanqui. Paris, April 1, 1841.